Elements of short story

The Five Elements of a Short Story

1.Plot2.Character3.Setting4.Atmosphere5.Style

Characteristics of Each Element:

1.Plot

The arrangement of incidents or events in a story.

1.Exposition The reader is often told where and when the story occurs; introduces the character (s).

2.Crisis:  A conflict is usually established between characters.

3. Rising Action- The conflict between characters develops and becomes more pronounced.

4. Climax - The moment of greatest suspense.

5. Falling Action - The action leads to the resolution or final outcome.

6. Resolution - The writer wraps up and ties up any loose ends in hopes that the reader will leave the story satisfied.

2.Character:

The plot can only exist with character(s). The main character is placed in a situation that contains a problem he must overcome: therefore, conflict exists. Most stories also have minor characters that either help or hinder the main character's attempt to solve his problem. When examining character, we must always look at his motivation. What makes him behave this way?

a) Flat Character- a character who doesn't go through a change. These characters are usually one dimensional.

b) Round (Dynamic) Characters a character affected by the events of the story. These characters are usually fully developed in terms of personality.They are described in more detail and their personalities emerge more fully. Round characters usually become enlightened, learn, grow, or deteriorate by the end of the story.

c) Stereotyped Characters a character who is so well known that little has to be said about him/her. These characters are immediately recognizable because of the role he/she plays. Examples the strong silent gunfighter, the nerd, the beautiful international spy, the mad scientist, etc.

Protagonist :The main character of the story.

Antagonist: This character opposes the protagonist. Often, he/she is an opponent to the main character and is sometimes right and justified in his/her actions.

We can learn about a character by,

a) what he says

b) what he thinks

c) what he does

d) what is said about him by other characters and the narrator

e) an author's direct statement

3.Setting: The physical background of the story where and when the story takes place.

4. Atmosphere: This element has a closer connection to the setting because the setting often determines the atmosphere. The atmosphere is the mood or tone of the story. Physical surroundings affect a character and determine his mood. Atmosphere is usually established at the beginning of the story. It takes in characters, clothing, furniture, natural surroundings, light, darkness, shadows, weather.

5. Style: The ways the author expresses himself and conveys his ideas and central purpose. Style is very personal no two writing styles are alike.